Everything about Catoctin Furnace totally explained
Catoctin Furnace (also known as
Catoctin Iron Furnace) was constructed in 1774 by four brothers
Thomas, Baker, Roger and James Johnson to produce
pig iron from locally mined
hematite.
In
blast by 1776,
the furnace provided ammunition (cannon balls) for the American Revolution.
Some sources state that it also provided cannon.
They also state that iron from this furnace was (much later of course) used to make plates for the
USS Monitor;
however that's considered unlikely by researchers.
The Johnson brothers owned the furnaces at the site at first collectively,
and after 1793 singly, until 1811.
Ultimately, three furnaces were built at the site, each named for the site.
The first
Catoctin Furnace was rebuilt a short distance away in 1787.
The first two furnaces burned
charcoal.
The third, which opened in 1873, burned
coke (some sources say
anthracite coal, though this would be more costly).
The entire complex closed in 1903 (attributed to rising costs and too-late introduction of a
rail link).
Further Information
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